Txij li thaumceramic insulatorssiv cov av nkos-nias thiab sintered ceramic cov ntaub ntawv raws li insulators, lub cev thiab tshuaj homogeneity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv, lub tempering lub zog, thiab cov complexity ntawm lub insulator structural zoo yog ib qho nyuaj rau tag nrho lav nyob rau hauv industrial ntau lawm, uas zoo heev cuam tshuam nws kev ua tau zoo. Cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, temperediav insulatorssiv borosilicate (los yog aluminosilicate) tempered iav nrog kub softening, homogeneous thiab ruaj khov lub cev thiab tshuaj muaj zog raws li insulating qhov chaw, ua tag nrho siv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov iav. Cov khoom ntawm tempered iav insulators yog raws li hauv qab no Kev ua tau zoo yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv:
Zoo heev dielectric zog thiab tsis muaj aging tshwm sim
Covkev ua tau zoo ntawm cov insulatorsyog ze ze rau lub internal molecular qauv ntawm cov khoom insulating. Cov iav muaj cov qauv amorphous thiab yog ib qho sib xyaw silicate uas tsis muaj qhov sib txuas ruaj khov. Nws muaj tus qauv tuab thiab cov qauv zoo nkauj. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho yooj yim-rau-tswj nruam cov txheej txheem ntau lawm uas tshem tawm cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov insulators. SiO2 yog lub cev pob txha ntawm iav. Lwm cov oxides tau ntim rau hauv lub cev pob txha thiab txuas nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg. Nws muaj kev sib cuam tshuam loj thiab tsis yooj yim polarized los ntawm hluav taws xob teb. Nws qhia tau hais tias zoo inertness thiab yog ib qho zoo tagnrho insulating khoom.
Zoo mechanical zog thiab kub sib txawv kuj
Thaum lub khob lub cev tseem nyob ntawm qhov kub siab tom qab raug nias thiab molded, tswj tau cua txias yog cua tshuab mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub khob lub cev kom dheev nws txias, yog li ua rau lub cev tsis sib xws, ua rau sab hauv ntawm lub khob lub cev poob vim txias thiab tsim cov nro sab hauv. Qhov nro Qhov kev ntxhov siab tas mus li tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev vitreous. Tom qab lub iav lub cev dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem tempering, nws cov kev tiv thaiv rau cov neeg kho tshuab cuam tshuam tau zoo heev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum ib qho av luv luv Circuit Court tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib lub hwj chim kis tau tus mob, ib tug loj luv luv Circuit Court tam sim no yuav raug generated, uas yuav tsum tau hais tias tusrwb thaiv tsevmuaj zoo arc tsis kam thiab tias covtensile zogtsis tuaj yeem txo. Lub arc kuj ntawm temperediav insulators siab dua li cov porcelain insulators, tab sis lub zog tensile tsis txo qis.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tempered iav insulators muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias vim tias cov khoom siv hlau, tempered iav thiab cov cement nplaum muaj cov thermal expansion coefficient.
Yog li ntawd, temperediav insulatorsmuaj qhov kub zoo sib txawvtsis kam tshaj porcelain insulators.
Tsim nyog temperediav insulatorsmuaj cov qauv insulator zoo li qub thiab loj nto compressive kev nyuaj siab (txog 250MPa), thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias sib txawv raws li cov khoom siv tas li, qhia tias tempered iav insulators muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntev hauv qhov tseeb. siv. thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm atmospheric kub hloov.
"Xoom tus nqi" kev puas tsuaj rau tus kheej thiab zoo residual tensile lub zog
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm "zero value" self-explosion yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws feature ntawm temperediav insulatorsuas yog superior rau lwm yam insulators. Tempered iav insulators tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Piv nrog cov porcelain insulators, muajtsis xav tau kev tshuaj xyuasntev npaum li lub iav lub cev tsis zoo, uas muab kev yooj yim zoo rau cov kab tsheb thauj mus los kuaj xyuas cov kab thiab kuaj xyuas nws raws sijhawm. Cov iav insulator fragments tom qab nws tus kheej tawg tseem muajzoo tensile zog.Kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob ntawm lub stub yog qhov sib npaug, txawm tias muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau, xws li flashover los ntawm overvoltage. Thaum nws hla cov hlua insulator nrog rau cov stub, lub puab arc yog thaiv los ntawm cov iav hais uas yog nias nruj nreem rau ntawm lub taub hau ntawm stub. Lub arc yog kiag li sab nraum. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsis muaj teeb meem loj xws li kev sib txuas ntawm kab.
Thaum lub iav insulator tawg los ntawm nws tus kheej, cov iav tawg uas ntog rau hauv av yog nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm cov khoom tsis sib xws nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 hli. Txij li thaum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov iav insulator txoj hlua, cov khoom poob rau ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov kev sib cais thib ob yog qhov loj, nrog txoj kab uas hla mus txog 3 ~ 4m.
Hauv qab lub thav duab uas lub iav insulator hlua yog dai, muaj yoj ntes, xob laim ntes, rho tawm cov hloov pauv, txuas cov capacitors, suav nrog cov hloov pauv loj thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov khoom iav yuav tsis ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob puas.
Lub neej ntev thiab kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob zoo
Insulator iav qhov chaw yogKub kub (760 ~ 780 degree)kom tau txais kev sib faib tempered sab hauv kev ntxhov siab. Nws yog qhov kev ntxhov siab tas mus li uas yuav tsis txo qis nrog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov kub siab tshaj plaws thaum txoj kab khiav yog70 ~ 80 degree,uas yog qis dua li qhov kub ntawm lub iav annealing; nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm xob laim ntaus los yog muaj kuab paug flashover, txawm hais tias lub arc kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag3000 degree,lub sij hawm arcing yog luv heev, thiab annealing yog tsis zoo li tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub khob. . Yog li ntawd, muaj lub hauv paus kev tshawb fawb rau lub neej ntev thiab kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm iav insulators.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov nruab nrab tawg lub zog ntawm tempered iav nruab nrab ncav cuag1700 kV/cm. Yog tias xob laim hluav taws kub hnyiab ntawm cov iav nto (qhov tob 1 ~ 2 hli) yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub hau hlau thiab steel taw, cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv mus. Thaum cov porcelain insulators hlawv cov enamel thiab hluavtaws core rods, ob yam khoom no yuav tsum tau hloov. Yog li ntawd, lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov iav insulators yog qhov ruaj khov nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj hnub nyoog.